如何成立软件公司
很多软件开发者自己或几个伙伴开发了个软件需要成立公司来运做，但是又没有成立公司的注册资金，颇为苦恼。找人垫资先成立公司，再将资金抽走，这是很多小公司成立的方式，但这是违反《刑法》的行为，是要判刑的。其实，完全有其他合法的途径可走。下面就来介绍一下如何成立软件公司，以及软件的运做。
一、软件公司成立
成立公司最大的麻烦是要有最低的注册资本要求，最少十万元的注册资本是很多初创业者的成立公司最大的障碍，而实际上公司运做并不需要这么多的钱，尤其是软件公司，一个成熟的软件走上市场可能并不需要先期的资金，要的只是一个公司的名头，一个与外界打交道的身份而已。
软件公司也是公司，与其他公司的成立本来并没有特殊之处。按《公司法》的规定，成立公司只能以现金、土地、实物、工业产权、非专利技术这五种方式出资。那么软件可以非专利技术或工业产权的名义出资。但是《公司法》同时又规定，非专利技术和工业产权不能超过注册资本的20%，这个比例太小，如果把软件视为高新技术成果，可以达到35%，但是要经过其他部门的审批，手续很烦琐，还是解决不了实际问题。
北京市中关村科技园区的相关优惠政策将这个问题解决了，中关村科技园区是个很大的概念，不仅仅只包括中关村一带，现在其他的区也创立了科技园区，同样享受中关村科技园区的优惠政策。按照这些园区的规定，用知识产权出资的比例可以达到100%（各个园区的政策并不一致，详细请与园区咨询），而且评估不是很严格。那么软件公司出资问题就顺利的解决了，直接用软件作价100%出资。
解决了出资问题，其他就是走程序了，比较简单，不清楚的话，可以直接进入北京市工商局的网站查看，这里略微介绍一下基本程序：
1、名称核准（确定公司名称）→2、办理工商登记→3、办理税务登记（含国税、地税）→4、刻章→5、办理银行开户→6、办理法人代码。其实取得营业执照后就可以运做起来了，大约一周的时间就可以办理完工商登记，取得营业执照。
需要的费用为
1、验资费，注册资本的千分之二，2、领照交费，注册资本的万分之八+500元公告费+10元执照费，3、刻章，（280元），4、办理银行开户（25元），5、办理法人代码（203元）等。成立一个注册资本为10万元的软件公司，成立的费用不到2000元就可以了。
总结以上，我们可以得到这样的结论：成立软件公司可以用软件出资，不需要投入资金作为注册资本，其成立的费用大致2000元就可以了，成立这样的公司大约一周的时间就可以了。
※：可以用知识产权100%出资，这是北京某些科技园区的规定，其他的地方以当地的规定为准。
二、软件公司可以享受的优惠政策
软件公司与一般的公司又不同，不同之处是软件公司可以享受大量的政策优惠，优惠主要体现在以下方面：
软件产品登记可以享受优惠
《软件产品管理办法》第七条规定：“软件产品实行登记和备案制度。未经软件产品登记和备案或被撤消登记的软件产品，不得在我国境内经营或者销售。符合本办法规定并经登记和备案的国产软件产品，均可享受《产业政策》所规定的有关鼓励政策。”根据该条规定，在我国软件产品实行的强制登记制度，对软件公司来说这并不痛苦，登记以后带来的是优惠。
1、税收的优惠
软件产品经登记生效后，自2000年6月24日起至2010年底以前，对增值税一般纳税人销售其自行开发生产的软件产品，按17％的法定税率征收增值税后，对其增值税实际税负超过3％的部分实行即征即退政策。所退税款由企业用于研究开发软件产品和扩大再生产，不作为企业所得税应税收入，不予征收企业所得税。
2、政策的优惠
符合《软件产品管理办法》规定并经登记和备案的国产软件产品，均可享受《产业政策》所规定的有关鼓励政策。这个政策各地不一样，但是软件业作为倍受鼓励的行业，享受到的政策优惠是非常实在的。
软件企业认证后享受的优惠
（一）税收优惠
《鼓励软件产业和集成电路产业发展的若干政策》专门有一章规定。其第三章五个条款全部讲的是对软件企业的“税收政策”可以归纳为：
1、２０１０年前按１７％的法定税率征收增值税，对实际税负超过３％的部分即征即退，由企业用于研究开发软件产品和扩大再生产。
2、自获利年度起，享受企业所得税“两免三减半”的优惠政策。
3、软件企业人员薪酬和培训费用可按实际发生额在企业所得税税前列支
4、对软件企业进口所需的自用设备，以及按照合同随设备进口的技术（含软件）及配套件、备件，可免征关税和进口环节增值税。
5、对国家规划布局内的重点软件企业，当年未享受免税优惠的减按１０％的税率征收企业所得税。
（二）其他优惠
《鼓励软件产业和集成电路产业发展的若干政策》详细规定可很多项优惠政策，具体有：
1、投融资方面，国家从科技发展资金中拿出一部分，用于支持基础软件开发，对于软件企业上市给以优先政策；
2、出口政策方面：软件出口，享受优惠利率的信贷支持，如果达到一定规模，可享受软件自营出口权；
3、采购政策方面：国家投资的重大工程和重点应用系统，应优先由国内企业承担，在同等性能价格比条件下应优先采用国产软件系统；
软件产品和软件企业享受的优惠政策对企业来讲最直接的税收优惠，这两者的税收优惠政策会有重叠、冲突，不是一般的财务人员可以弄清楚的，要完全享受税收上的优惠，还得找税务部门详细进行咨询。
对侨资企业、外资企业、中外合资经营企业外汇管理施行细则(附英文)
国家外管局
对侨资企业、外资企业、中外合资经营企业外汇管理施行细则(附英文)
一九八三年七月十九日国务院批准
一、为贯彻执行《中华人民共和国外汇管理暂行条例》第五章的规定，特制定本细则。
二、《中华人民共和国外汇管理暂行条例》第五章所称侨资企业，是指在中国境内注册登记，独立经营或者同国内企业合作生产、合作经营的华侨或港澳同胞资本的公司、企业和其他经济组织；外资企业，是指在中国境内注册登记，独立经营或者同中国企业合作生产、合作经营的外国资本的公司、企业和其他经济组织；中外合资经营企业，是指华侨或港澳同胞资本的或外国资本的公司、企业和其他经济组织或个人，在中国境内同中国的公司、企业或其他经济组织共同举办、合资经营的企业。
三、侨资企业、外资企业、中外合资经营企业的一切外汇收付，必须遵照《中华人民共和国外汇管理暂行条例》和本细则的规定办理。
四、侨资企业、外资企业、中外合资经营企业，应在中国境内的中国银行或者经国家外汇管理局或其分局批准的其他银行开立人民币存款帐户和外汇存款帐户，由开户银行监督收付。在申请开户时，应交验中华人民共和国工商行政管理局发给的营业执照。
五、在中国从事合作开采海洋石油资源的外资企业，其独自承担的勘探资金和合作开发、合作生产的资金，准许存放在经中方同意的外国或者港澳地区的银行。
六、除本细则第五条规定者外，侨资企业、外资企业、中外合资经营企业，如需在外国或者港澳地区开立外汇存款帐户，必须向国家外汇管理局或其分局申请批准。经批准在外国或港澳地区开立外汇存款帐户者，须于每季度终了后三十天内向国家外汇管理局或其分局报告外汇存款帐户的收付情况。
七、按本细则第四条规定在中国境内的银行开立外汇存款帐户者，一切外汇收入都必须存入其外汇存款帐户，其正常业务的外汇支出，可以从其外汇存款帐户中支付。
八、在中国从事合作开采海洋石油资源的外资企业，为执行合同规定的石油作业，可以在中国境外直接向其外籍职工、外国承包者和供应商支付工资、薪金、采购物品货款和各项劳务、服务费用。外籍职工、外国承包者在中国境内取得的收入，应当按照中华人民共和国税法规定缴纳税款。
九、侨资企业、外资企业、中外合资经营企业必须按期向国家外汇管理局或其分局报送下列报表，并附详细文字说明。
1．每年三月三十一日前报送上年十二月三十一日的资产负债表、上年度损益计算书和外汇收支报告表；随附在中华人民共和国登记注册的会计师的查帐报告。
2．每年十二月一日以前报送下年度外汇收支预算表（遇有修改，应随时补报）。
国家外汇管理局或其分局有权要求侨资企业、外资企业、中外合资经营企业提供有关外汇业务的情况并检查其外汇收支情况。
十、侨资企业、外资企业、中外合资经营企业必须按照国家外汇管理局公布的外汇牌价办理外汇兑换；企业的产品出口可按中国进出口贸易结汇的有关规定办理。
十一、侨资企业、外资企业、中外合资经营企业出口所得的外汇，除经国家外汇管理局或其分局批准者外，应调回存入开户银行帐户，并办理出口外汇核销手续。
十二、侨资企业、外资企业、中外合资经营企业与中国境内的机关、企业（包括侨资企业、外资企业、中外合资经营企业）或者个人之间的结算，除下列情况外，都应当使用人民币。
1．生产的产品如系中国需要进口的商品，售给中国经营外贸业务的单位或者其他企业，经中国外贸主管机关批准，供需双方商定，可参照国际市场价格，以外币计价、结算。
2．因生产需要购买中国经营外贸业务单位经营的出口商品和进口商品，经中国外贸主管机关批准，供需双方商定，可参照国际市场价格，以外币计价、结算。
3．同中国建筑单位签订建筑合同，经国家外汇管理局或其分局批准，可以外币计价、结算。
4．根据国务院规定，或者经国家外汇管理局或其分局批准，可以外币计价、结算的其他项目。
凡经批准以外币计价、结算者，均可通过其外汇存款帐户办理收付。
十三、侨资企业、外资企业、中外合资经营企业的华侨投资者或者外国投资者依法纳税后的纯利润和其它正当收益，可以向开户银行申请，汇出境外，从其外汇存款帐户中支付。申请时，应提交企业董事会或相当于董事会的权力机构的分配利润的决议书、纳税凭证以及载有收益分配条款的合同。
侨资企业、外资企业、中外合资经营企业的华侨投资者或者外国投资者，如要将外汇资本转移到中国境外，须向国家外汇管理局或其分局申请，从企业的外汇存款帐户中支付汇出。
十四、在中国从事合作开采海洋石油、煤炭等资源和从事其他合作、合资经营的侨资企业、外资企业、中外合资经营企业，按照中外双方合同规定用产品回收资本和分配利润的，华侨投资者或者外国投资者提取和拥有的其份额内的产品可以运出，但必须汇回应在中华人民共和国缴纳的税款和其他应付的款项。如在中国境内出售，应当按照本细则第十二条的规定办理；其销售所得的外汇，在缴纳税款和其他应付的款项后可以汇出。
十五、侨资企业、外资企业、中外合资经营企业中的外籍职工或港澳职工的工资和其他正当收益，依法纳税后可以汇出，汇出金额超过百分之五十的比例时，可以向国家外汇管理局或其分局申请，汇出外汇均从其企业的外汇存款帐户中支付。
十六、侨资企业、外资企业、中外合资经营企业，经批准在外国或港澳地区设立的分支机构或办事机构，其所需外汇经费，经国家外汇管理局或其分局批准，可以按期从其外汇存款帐户中支付汇出。
十七、侨资企业、外资企业、中外合资经营企业可以直接向外国或港澳地区的银行或企业借入外汇资金，但是应报国家外汇管理局或其分局备案。
十八、依法停业的侨资企业、外资企业和中外合资经营企业，应当在中国财政、税务和外汇管理机关的共同监督下，按期清理。华侨投资者或外国投资者，应对其在中国境内的未了税务债务事项负责。清理结束后，华侨投资者或外国投资者所有的或所分得的资金，如要求汇出境外，可以向国家外汇管理局或其分局申请，从原企业的外汇存款帐户中支付汇出。
十九、在中国境内设立的侨资银行、外资银行、中外合资银行和其他金融机构，其外汇收支的管理办法由国家外汇管理局另行规定。
二十、本细则经国务院批准，由国家外汇管理局发布施行。(附英文)
RULES FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF FOREIGN EXCHANGE CONTROL REGULA-TIONS RELATING TO ENTERPRISES WITH OVERSEAS CHINESE CAPITAL, FOREIGN-CAPITAL ENTERPRISES AND CHINESE-FOREIGN EQUITY JOINT VENTURES
Important Notice: (注意事项)
英文本源自中华人民共和国务院法制局编译, 中国法制出版社出版的《中华人民共和国涉外法规汇编》(1991年7月版).
当发生歧意时, 应以法律法规颁布单位发布的中文原文为准.
This English document is coming from the "LAWS AND REGULATIONS OF THE
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA GOVERNING FOREIGN-RELATED MATTERS" (1991.7)
which is compiled by the Brueau of Legislative Affairs of the State
Council of the People's Republic of China, and is published by the China
Legal System Publishing House.
In case of discrepancy, the original version in Chinese shall prevail.
Whole Document (法规全文)
RULES FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF FOREIGN EXCHANGE CONTROL REGULA-
TIONS RELATING TO ENTERPRISES WITH OVERSEAS CHINESE CAPITAL, FOREIGN-
CAPITAL ENTERPRISES AND CHINESE-FOREIGN EQUITY JOINT VENTURES
(Approved by the State Council of the People's Republic of China
on July 19, 1983 and promulgated by the State Administration of Foreign
Exchange Control on August 1, 1983)
Article 1
These Rules are formulated for implementing the provisions of Chapter V of
the Interim Regulations on Foreign Exchange Control of the People's
Republic of China.
Article 2
In Chapter V of the Interim Regulations on Foreign Exchange Control of the
People's Republic of China, the term "enterprises with overseas Chinese
capital" refers to corporations, enterprises or other economic entities
registered in China with overseas Chinese capital or capital of
compatriots in the Hongkong and Macao regions, and managed independently
or jointly with Chinese enterprises; the term "foreign-capital
enterprises" refers to corporations, enterprises or other economic
entities registered in China with foreign capital, and managed
independently or jointly with Chinese enterprises; the term "Chinese-
foreign equity joint ventures" refers to enterprises jointly established,
owned and run in China by corporations, enterprises, other economic
entities or individuals with overseas Chinese capital, capital of
compatriots in the Hongkong and Macao regions or foreign capital and
Chinese corporations, enterprises or other economic entities.
Article 3
For all foreign exchange receipts and payments, enterprises with overseas
Chinese capital, foreign-capital enterprises and Chinese-foreign equity
joint ventures must act in accordance with the provisions in the Interim
Regulations on Foreign Exchange Control of the People's Republic of China
as well as these Rules.
Article 4
Enterprises with overseas Chinese capital, foreign-capital enterprises and
Chinese-foreign equity joint ventures shall open Renminbi deposit accounts
and foreign exchange deposit accounts in China with the Bank of China or
its branch banks or any other banks approved by the State Administration
of Foreign Exchange Control (SAFEC) or its branch offices, payments and
receipts in these accounts being subject to the supervision of the bank
with which the enterprises have established accounts. When applying for
the opening of the accounts, the enterprises shall submit for verification
their business licenses issued by the State Administration for Industry
and Commerce of the People's Republic of China.
Article 5
The exploration fund and the fund for cooperative development and
cooperative production provided unilaterally by a foreign-capital
enterprise engaged in cooperative exploitation of offshore petroleum
resources in China are permitted to be deposited with the agreement of the
Chinese side in a bank, of a foreign country or of the Hongkong or Macao
region.
Article 6
Should they find it necessary to open foreign exchange deposit accounts
with banks abroad or in the Hongkong and Macao regions other than the
accounts opened in accordance with Article 5 of these Rules, enterprises
with overseas Chinese capital, foreign-capital enterprises and Chinese-
foreign equity joint ventures shall apply to SAFEC or its branch offices
for approval. The enterprises concerned shall submit to SAFEC or its
branch offices quarterly statements of payments into and withdrawal from
such accounts within 30 days as of the end of each and every quarter.
Article 7
All foreign exchange receipts of enterprises maintaining foreign exchange
accounts with banks in China in accordance with Article 4 of these Rules,
must be deposited in the said accounts and all their foreign exchange
disbursements incurred in normal business operations can be effected
through these accounts.
Article 8
For the implementation of the petroleum operations specified in their
contracts, the foreign-capital enterprises engaged in cooperative
exploitation of offshore petroleum resources may pay directly outside
China wages, salaries, cost of procurements, various labour costs and
service charges to foreign workers and staff members, foreign
subcontractors and suppliers. The foreign workers and staff members and
foreign subcontractors shall pay taxes on their income derived from China
in accordance with the provisions of the tax law of the People's Republic
of China.
Article 9
Enterprises with overseas Chinese capital, foreign-capital enterprises and
Chinese-foreign equity joint ventures shall submit within the prescribed
time limit to the SAFEC or its branch offices the following statements
with explanatory notes in detail:
(1) Balance sheet as of December 31 of the previous year, profit and loss
statement and statement of receipts and payments of foreign exchange for
the previous year shall be submitted before March 31 of each year, along
with audit reports by accountants registered in the People's Republic of
China.
(2) Budget of foreign exchange receipts and payments for the coming year
shall be submitted before December 1 of each year (subsequent amendments,
if any, shall be reported immediately).
The SAFEC and its branch offices are authorized to request the enterprises
with overseas Chinese capital, foreign-capital enterprises and Chinese-
foreign equity joint ventures to provide information about their business
activities involving foreign exchange, and to check on their foreign
exchange incomes and expenditures.
Article 10
Any currency conversion of enterprises with overseas Chinese capital,
foreign-capital enterprises and Chinese-foreign equity joint ventures must
be conducted according to the official rates of foreign exchange quoted by
the SAFEC; the export of the products of these enterprises may be dealt
with in accordance with the relevant provisions governing China's foreign
trade exchange conversions.
Article 11
Except where otherwise approved by the SAFEC or its branch offices, the
foreign exchange receipts realized from exports by the enterprises with
overseas Chinese capital, foreign-capital enterprises and Chinese-foreign
equity joint ventures shall be transferred back and credited to their
foreign exchange deposit accounts with banks in China and the enterprises
shall also go through the procedure of cancelling their commitments for
foreign exchange receipts from these exports.
Article 12
Renminbi shall be used in the settlement of accounts between enterprises
with overseas Chinese capital, foreign-capital enterprises or Chinese-
foreign equity joint ventures on the one hand, and agencies, enterprises
(including enterprises with overseas Chinese capital, foreign-capital
enterprises, Chinese-foreign equity joint ventures), or individuals in
China on the other, except in the following cases:
(1) For products manufactured by these enterprises and sold to Chinese
entities or enterprises engaged in foreign trade which would otherwise
have to import, foreign currencies may be used in pricing and in
settlement of accounts, provided that prior approval by Chinese foreign
trade authorities has been obtained and that agreement on this arrangement
has been reached between seller and buyer; the prices of the products may
be such as to be commensurate with those current in world markets.
(2) If enterprises with overseas Chinese capital, foreign-capital
enterprises and Chinese-foreign equity joint ventures purchase, for the
sake of production, the commodities to be exported or imported by Chinese
entities engaged in foreign trade, foreign currencies may be used in
pricing the said commodities with reference to those current in world
markets and in settlement of accounts, with prior approval of Chinese
foreign trade authorities and arrangement between seller and buyer.
(3) Foreign currencies may be used in pricing and in the settlement of
accounts related to construction work performed by Chinese construction
entities according to contracts, provided that prior approval from the
SAFEC or its branch offices has been obtained.
(4) Other items which can be priced and settled in foreign currencies are
prescribed by the State Council or approved by the SAFEC or its branch
offices.
For all transactions which can be priced and settled in foreign currencies
as approved, the receipts and payments may be made through foreign
exchange deposit accounts.
Article 13
Overseas Chinese investors of enterprises with overseas Chinese capital or
foreign investors of foreign-capital enterprises or of Chinese-foreign
equity joint ventures may apply to the banks with which they have opened
accounts for remitting abroad their profits as well as other justified
earnings after taxation, by debiting the foreign exchange deposit accounts
of the enterprise concerned. At the time of application, the investors
concerned shall submit for examination the written decision on profit
distribution adopted by the board of directors or by another organ of
power equivalent to the board of directors, documentary evidence showing
that all taxes have been duly paid as well as the contracts containing
stipulations with regard to the distribution of profits or earnings.
Overseas Chinese investors of enterprises with overseas Chinese capital or
foreign investors of foreign-capital enterprises or of Chinese-foreign
equity joint ventures shall apply to the SAFEC or its branch offices for
transferring their foreign exchange capital abroad by debiting the foreign
exchange deposit accounts of the enterprises concerned.
Article 14
Enterprises with overseas Chinese capital, foreign-capital enterprises and
Chinese-foreign equity joint ventures engaged in cooperative exploitation
of such resources as offshore petroleum and coal, and in other contractual
or equity joint ventures, whose capital is to be recovered and profits to
be realized in kind as stipulated in their contracts, may transport out of
China the products as their shares of recovered capital and realized
profits, but such enterprises shall remit back the amount of tax to be
paid in the People's Republic of China as well as other required payments.
If the products are to be sold within China, the case shall be handled in
accordance with provisions of Article 12 of these Rules, and the foreign
exchange proceeds derived from these sales may be remitted out after
taxation and other required payments.
Article 15
Staff members and workers of foreign nationality and those from the
Hongkong and Macao regions employed by enterprises with overseas Chinese
capital, foreign-capital enterprises and Chinese-foreign equity joint
ventures may remit abroad their wages and other justified earnings, after
taxation according to law, and if the remittance exceeds 50% of their
wages and other earnings, they may apply to the SAFEC or its branch
offices. The amounts remitted shall all be debited to the foreign exchange
deposit accounts of the enterprises concerned.
Article 16
Foreign exchange expenses required in the normal business operations of
the branches or offices abroad or in the Hongkong and Macao regions set up
with the approval of competent authorities by enterprises with overseas
Chinese capital, foreign-capital enterprises and Chinese-foreign equity
joint ventures may be remitted to these branches or offices, debiting to
the foreign exchange deposit accounts of the enterprises concerned, with
the approval of the SAFEC or its branch offices.
Article 17
Enterprises with overseas Chinese capital, foreign-capital enterprises,
and Chinese-foreign equity joint ventures may borrow foreign exchange
directly from banks or enterprises of foreign countries or of the Hongkong
and Macao regions, but they must report such borrowing to the SAFEC or its
branch offices for the record.
Article 18
Enterprises with overseas Chinese capital, foreign-capital enterprises and
Chinese-foreign equity joint ventures winding up operations in accordance
with legal procedures, shall carry out liquidation within the scheduled
period, under the joint supervision of China's finance, taxation and
foreign exchange control authorities. Overseas Chinese investors or
foreign investors shall be responsible for their taxes due and their
outstanding liabilities within China. After completion of the liquidation,
overseas Chinese investors and foreign investors may apply to the SAFEC or
its branch offices for remitting out the funds owned by or distributed to
them. And the remittance shall be debited to the foreign exchange accounts
of the liquidated enterprises.
Article 19
The measures to control foreign exchange receipts and payments of banks
with overseas Chinese capital, banks with foreign capital, Chinese-foreign
equity joint banks and other financial institutions shall be formulated by
the SAFEC separately.
Article 20
These Rules shall be promulgated and put into effect by the SAFEC upon
approval of the State Council.
